Terminology in Justice Across Ages: Treating Young and Old as Equals, by Juliana Uhuru Bidadanure (OUP 2021)
CHAP 1
age groups (p. 24)
- all people of a certain age--e.g. 25-year-olds
- people enter and leave age groups
birth cohorts/generations (p. 24)
- everyone born in the same year or period of years
- you never leave your birth cohort/generation
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diachronic inequality (equality) (p. 23)
- inequality over time, life long inequality
synchronic inequality (equality) (p. 29)
- temporary inequality
- two people are treated differently, have different resources or opportunities for a period of time
- synchronic inequality can lead to diachronic inequality
diachronic person -- a person over their lifespan
synchronic person -- a person at a certain time, a segment of a diachronic person
egalitarianism--the view that in a just society people are equal in certain ways.
- distributive egalitarianism (later)
- relational egalitarianism (later)
- luck egalitarianism (later)
complete lives egalitarianism -- same as diachronic egalitarianism
- "when assessing whether a society is treating its members as equals, one needs to look at whether they have access to their fair share of lifetime opportunities" (p. 23)
- we should be concerned with "complete life" inequalities between birth cohorts
- we should be concerned with "complete life" inequalities between age groups
proxy for (p. 27)
- correlated with, an indicator of
- age might be a proxy for abilities, criminal tendencies, maturity, being good at technology, being current, etc.
CHAP 2
prudential lifespan account (PLA) --
- an account of distributive justice that says society should distribute goods to different age groups in a way that mirrors the way one prudent (i.e. self-interested) person would distribute goods across the stages of her own life, if she were (miraculously) planning ahead before birth.
- Example: who should receive a kidney, a 20-year old with kidney failure or a 65-year old with kidney failure? PLA says the 20-year old, because if you were planning ahead, and knew you'd have just one chance to receive a kidney in the event of kidney failure, you'd want your 20-year old self to get it.
CHAP 3
distributive egalitarianism --
- "Justice demands that individuals get an equal amount of X (other things being equal)." (p. 96)
relational justice
- "Justice demands the realization of a community where individuals are able to relate and stand as equals." (p. 96)
CHAP 5
ageism
- bias against people in particular age brackets
- someone on Reddit talking about Madonna: "the bitch ought to retire"
- involves stereotypes--old people are senile, rigid, old-fashioned, boring (p. 175)
- descriptive sense: practices differentiate people by age
- if you have normal color vision you "discriminate" between red and green
- normative sense: practices wrongly differentiate people by age
- wrongly as a matter of ethics
- legal sense: as defined under US law or law of some other country
CHAP 7
de facto -- in fact
de jure -- by law
